In Vitro Fertilization | ivf Process | And Embryo Transfer ( IVF – ET ) :

 This involves ovulation induction, oocyte retrieval & for 3-5 days followed by sub sequent transfer of selected fertilized oocyte trans cervically under ultra sound guidance in to the uterine cavity. 

50,000 selected sperms are used for insemination.

ivf PROCEDURE :-

  Eighteen hours after insemination, oocytes are obtained for the presence of pronuclei (sign of fertilization) & cultured for a further 24 hours. A t 2 to 4 cell stage, two embryo transfer (ET) in to the uterine cavity _below the funders is performed. The woman is allowed to go home 2 to 3hours following ET.

The indications for IVF are :-

♠       Idiopathic (or) unexplained male & female infertility.

♠       Immunological factor in male & female.

♠       Blocked fallopian tubes.

♠       Failed intra uterine (or) fallopian insemination.

♠       Mild endometriosis.

♠       Abnormal seven findings.

→ 3 to 4 cycles of IVF yield 15 to 20% pregnancy rate. The best results are seen in women with blocked tubes, where as poor results are seen in oligospermia, terato spermia and asthenospermia.

→ IVF is a costly therapy not affordable to many couples.

→ Because of multiple pregnancy ensuring from two embryo transfer with associated increased fetal loss through abortion, ectopic pregnancy & preterm delivery. Not more than three embryos are transferred per cycle to minimise multiple pregnancy.   

→ It requires an expensive & an elaborate laboratory.

    →  The risk of congenital malformation of the baby remains inconclusive.